Symptoms

What are the Signs and Symptoms of an Enlarged Prostate?

• Dribbling at the end of urination

• Frequent urination

• Incomplete emptying of the bladder

• Increased need to urinate at night (nocturia)

• Urinary tract infections (UTIs)

• Urinary leakage or incontinence

• Burning or pain during urination

• Slow or prolonged urination

• Presence of blood in urine (hematuria)

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Preparation

How to Prepare for Enlarged Prostate Surgery?

• The patient must undergo a pre-surgery check-up (PSC), which includes blood tests, ECG, echocardiography (ECH), and urine tests to assess fitness for surgery.

• A consent form must be signed before the procedure, giving the surgeon permission to perform the surgery.

• Inform your doctor about any medications you are currently taking.

• The patient is usually admitted on the day of surgery and advised to remain fasting (no food or drink).

• If the patient is on blood thinners, they must be stopped at least 10 days prior to surgery (only under medical supervision).

Procedure

What are the Best Procedures for an Enlarged Prostate?

Before surgery, your doctor will recommend a thorough evaluation, which may include:

• Blood tests

• Urine tests

• Ultrasound

• Pressure-flow studies

• Cystoscopy

The surgeon and anesthetist will explain the procedure, its benefits, and potential risks.

Surgical Steps

Step 1 – Anesthesia:
The surgery typically lasts 30 to 60 minutes and is performed under local or general anesthesia to ensure the patient is comfortable and pain-free.

Step 2 – Procedure Type:
The appropriate surgical method depends on the size and shape of your prostate, as well as your symptoms. Common procedures include:

1. Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate (PVP):
   A laser is used to vaporize excess prostate tissue, widening the urinary channel.

2. Holmium Laser Ablation of the Prostate (HoLAP):
   Similar to PVP but uses a different laser type to remove excess tissue.

3. Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP):
   Uses a laser to cut and remove obstructive prostate tissue.

4. Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP):
   Involves inserting a scope through the urethra to remove prostate tissue in small pieces.

5. Prostatic Urethral Lift (PUL):
   A minimally invasive technique using implants to lift and hold the enlarged prostate away from the urethra.

6. Cystoplasty:
   Surgery to enlarge or repair the bladder if needed.

7. Open Prostatectomy:
   Traditional surgery where an incision is made to remove the prostate.

8. Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy:
   A minimally invasive procedure using small incisions and special instruments to remove the prostate.

Post Procedure

What is the Post-Operative Care After Enlarged Prostate Surgery?

After surgery for an enlarged prostate, proper post-operative care is essential for smooth recovery and to avoid complications. Key care guidelines include:

• Follow Medical Instructions:
  Your doctor will provide detailed instructions about wound care, medications, activity restrictions, and follow-up appointments.

• Wound Care:
  Keep the surgical area clean and dry to prevent infection. Follow your doctor’s advice on how to clean the incision site and when to change dressings.

• Medication Adherence:
  Take all prescribed medications as directed — especially antibiotics and pain relievers — to aid healing and prevent infection.

• Limit Sitting Time:
  Avoid sitting in one position for more than 30 minutes at a time. This helps reduce pressure on the surgical site and promotes circulation.

• Rest and Recovery Time:
  Most patients recover within 2 weeks, but it may take longer depending on the procedure type and overall health. Gradually resume normal activities as advised by your doctor.

Success Rate of Enlarged Prostate Surgery

Surgery to treat an enlarged prostate is a common and effective treatment, particularly for men who do not get relief from medications. Most individuals report a marked improvement in urinary symptoms and overall comfort after the procedure.

The success rate is around 98%, although outcomes can vary slightly based on the type of surgery, the patient’s age, and any pre-existing medical conditions.

Advancements in techniques — such as laser-based treatments and minimally invasive procedures — have improved recovery time, reduced complication risks, and ensured better long-term results.

With proper post-surgical care and regular medical follow-up, most patients enjoy a lasting improvement in quality of life.